Question 1

Which of the following best explains why sexual reproduction is favored by natural selection over asexual reproduction in many animal species?

Accepted Answer

Sexual reproduction produces genetically diverse offspring, increasing adaptability to changing environments.

Question 2

A scientist observes a population of whiptail lizards in the southwestern United States, all of which are female and reproduce without males. Which reproductive strategy is being used?

Accepted Answer

Parthenogenesis

Question 3

Which structure in the male reproductive system is responsible for producing sperm and testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Testis

Question 4

In the process of spermatogenesis, how many functional sperm cells are produced from one primary spermatocyte?

Accepted Answer

Four

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules?

Accepted Answer

They nourish developing sperm and regulate their growth.

Question 6

A couple is having difficulty conceiving. The man’s sperm count is low, and the woman’s uterine tubes are clear. Which of the following is the most likely reason for their infertility?

Accepted Answer

Too few sperm reach the egg for fertilization to occur.

Question 7

Which of the following events occurs immediately after the sperm fuses with the egg’s plasma membrane during fertilization?

Accepted Answer

The egg completes meiosis II.

Question 8

Which hormone is primarily responsible for triggering ovulation in the human female menstrual cycle?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events for the path of sperm from production to ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

Testis → epididymis → vas deferens → urethra → penis

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why internal fertilization is an essential adaptation for terrestrial animals?

Accepted Answer

It prevents sperm from drying out in a terrestrial environment.

Question 11

A woman undergoes tubal ligation, in which her uterine tubes are cut and sealed. Which of the following best describes the result?

Accepted Answer

Sperm cannot reach the egg, and the egg cannot reach the uterus.

Question 12

Which of the following birth control methods provides the best protection against both pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Accepted Answer

Male or female condoms

Question 13

Which of the following is a unique feature of the sperm cell that enables it to penetrate the egg during fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Acrosome containing enzymes

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen and progesterone stimulate the development of the endometrium.

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible reason why most birth control methods are designed for women rather than men?

Accepted Answer

Women bear the health risks of pregnancy and childbirth.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process shown in the diagram of planaria being cut into fragments and regenerating into complete individuals?

Accepted Answer

Fragmentation followed by regeneration

Question 17

A couple is using the calendar method for contraception. Which of the following is a major limitation of this method?

Accepted Answer

Ovulation is difficult to predict precisely, making the method unreliable.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

Accepted Answer

Secreting alkaline fluid containing fructose and prostaglandins

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) in early pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

It maintains the corpus luteum, which continues to secrete estrogen and progesterone.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about hermaphroditic animals such as earthworms?

Accepted Answer

They produce both sperm and eggs and usually exchange sperm with a partner.

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