Question 1

Which of the following best explains why water has a high specific heat compared to most other substances?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules absorb heat when they break and release heat when they form.

Question 2

A scientist is testing the effect of a new fertilizer on plant growth. She measures the height of plants after 4 weeks. In this experiment, what is the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

The height of the plants after 4 weeks

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the three domains of life is correct?

Accepted Answer

Archaea and Bacteria are both prokaryotic, but Archaea are more closely related to Eukarya than to Bacteria.

Question 4

Which property of water allows a water strider to walk on the surface of a pond without sinking?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding

Question 5

A molecule with the formula $$C_{6}H$$_{12}$$O_{6}$ is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds, causing kinks in the chain.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The strands are antiparallel, with one running 5' to 3' and the other 3' to 5'.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

When blood glucose rises, insulin is secreted to lower blood glucose levels.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 10

A pharmaceutical company discovers that one enantiomer of a drug is effective, but the other causes harmful side effects. This is because:

Accepted Answer

Enantiomers are mirror images and can interact differently with biological molecules.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have DNA located in a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells have DNA in the nucleoid region.

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice keep water molecules farther apart, making ice less dense.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing ATP

Question 14

A buffer solution is able to resist changes in pH upon the addition of an acid or base because:

Accepted Answer

It contains a weak acid and its conjugate base, which can absorb excess H$$^+ or OH$^-.$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Joining two monomers together by removing a molecule of water

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – monosaccharide

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Production of ATP through cellular respiration

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a structural polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is correct?

Accepted Answer

Intermediate filaments help maintain cell shape and anchor organelles.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning in scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

Inductive reasoning uses specific observations to form general conclusions; deductive reasoning uses general principles to predict specific results.

BIO 101 Exam 1 Study Guide: Chapters 1-6 (Themes of Biology, Chemistry of Life, Water, Carbon, Macromolecules, Cells)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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