Question 1

Which of the following best describes the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A population whose members can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a prezygotic reproductive barrier?

Accepted Answer

Temporal isolation

Question 3

A population of frogs is separated by a newly formed river, preventing them from mating. Over time, the two groups evolve into distinct species. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Allopatric speciation

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why mass extinctions can lead to adaptive radiation?

Accepted Answer

Mass extinctions eliminate competitors, allowing surviving species to diversify and fill new ecological niches.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for allele frequencies in a population?

Accepted Answer

$$p^2 + 2pq$$ + $$q^2 = 1$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Question 7

A population of beetles has two alleles for color: green ($$G) $$and brown ($$g). If $$the frequency of $$G is 0.7 $$and $$g is 0.3$$, what is the expected frequency of heterozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$2pq = 2(0.7)(0.3) = 0.42$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A change in allele frequencies due to random events in small populations.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of postzygotic isolation?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid sterility

Question 10

Which of the following statements about fossils is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Fossils provide evidence of past life and evolutionary transitions.

Question 11

Which of the following events is associated with the Cretaceous Mass Extinction?

Accepted Answer

The extinction of non-avian dinosaurs and many other species.

Question 12

Which of the following is a real-world example of temporal isolation?

Accepted Answer

Two species of frogs breed at different times of the year.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes adaptive radiation?

Accepted Answer

The rapid evolution of many diverse species from a common ancestor.

Question 14

Which of the following is a key concept in the origin of species?

Accepted Answer

Reproductive isolation

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of mechanical isolation?

Accepted Answer

Two species of snails have shells that spiral in opposite directions, preventing mating.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a prezygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

Hybrid breakdown

Question 17

Which of the following best explains punctuated equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Species remain unchanged for long periods, interrupted by brief periods of rapid change.

Question 18

Which of the following is a likely outcome in a hybrid zone where hybrids have reduced fitness compared to parent species?

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement of reproductive barriers

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about environmental impacts on evolution?

Accepted Answer

Environmental changes can drive natural selection and lead to adaptation.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of mutations in evolution?

Accepted Answer

Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation.

BIO 101 Final Exam Study Guide: Evolution and the History of Life

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