Question 1

Which compartment of the mitochondrion becomes acidified as a result of the electron transport chain, as shown in the first diagram?

Accepted Answer

Intermembrane space

Question 2

In the second diagram, what is the primary function of the structure labeled 'F' during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It absorbs sunlight and initiates the light reactions.

Question 3

Referencing the third and fourth diagrams, which molecule is produced at the end of the electron transport chain in the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

NADPH

Question 4

In the first diagram, what is the role of the protein complex labeled 'j'?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 5

According to the second diagram, what is the source of electrons for the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

H$_2$O

Question 6

In the context of the first diagram, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

O$_2$

Question 7

Based on the third and fourth diagrams, what is the main function of ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane?

Accepted Answer

To synthesize ATP as protons flow down their gradient

Question 8

Which process, as shown in the first diagram, is responsible for regenerating NAD+ under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 9

In the second diagram, what is the role of the Calvin cycle (G) in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It fixes carbon dioxide into organic molecules.

Question 10

According to the third and fourth diagrams, what is the fate of the oxygen atoms from water molecules during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

They are released as O$_2$ gas.

Question 11

In the first diagram, which molecule is directly responsible for carrying electrons from one complex to another in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Cytochrome c

Question 12

What is the relationship between wavelength and energy in the visible light spectrum, as relevant to photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Shorter wavelengths have higher energy.

Question 13

In the context of the diagrams, what is the main purpose of chemiosmosis in both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

To generate a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of NADP+ in the light reactions of photosynthesis, as shown in the third and fourth diagrams?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor, forming NADPH.

Question 15

If a cell is unable to perform fermentation, what would eventually happen to glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis would stop due to lack of NAD+.

Question 16

Which of the following is a major difference between the electron transport chains after photosystem II and photosystem I, as shown in the third and fourth diagrams?

Accepted Answer

The chain after photosystem II generates ATP, while the chain after photosystem I generates NADPH.

Question 17

In the first diagram, which molecule is reduced as electrons move through the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

O$_2$

Question 18

What is transferred between neighboring chlorophyll molecules in the light harvesting complexes of photosystems?

Accepted Answer

Energy

Question 19

Why does chlorophyll appear green to our eyes?

Accepted Answer

It reflects green light and absorbs other visible wavelengths.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.

BIO 1150 Exam 3 Study Guide – Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis Diagrams

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