Q: Which equation correctly represents photosynthesis?

$$6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure and location of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm of plant cells and contain thylakoid membranes where chlorophyll is embedded.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 3

What is the primary function of stomata in plant leaves?

Accepted Answer

To regulate gas exchange by allowing $$\mathrm{CO}_2 in $$and $$\mathrm{O}_2$$ out

Question 4

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Light energy is used to split water, producing $$\mathrm{O}_2$$, ATP, and NADPH

Question 5

Why did C4 and CAM photosynthesis evolve in certain plants?

Accepted Answer

To minimize photorespiration and conserve water in hot, dry environments

Question 6

Which of the following correctly matches the process with its location in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis – cytoplasm; Krebs cycle – mitochondrial matrix; Electron transport chain – inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is less efficient than cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation produces less ATP per glucose molecule because it does not use the electron transport chain.

Question 8

What is the role of electron carriers such as NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They transport high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.

Question 9

At which stage of cellular respiration is oxygen directly required, and what is its fate?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is required at the electron transport chain, where it acts as the final electron acceptor to form water.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons down their gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP

Question 11

Which reactions in cellular respiration produce ATP directly?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 12

What is rubisco and what is its primary function in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

An enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of $$\mathrm{CO}_2 to $$RuBP in the Calvin cycle

Question 13

How are C4 and CAM photosynthesis different from C3 photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

C4 and CAM plants have adaptations to reduce photorespiration, while C3 plants do not.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to convert $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ into G3P, which is later used to make glucose.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains how lipids and proteins can be used to generate ATP in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They are broken down into intermediates that enter glycolysis or the Krebs cycle.

Question 16

A plant is placed in a sealed chamber with only light and water provided. After several hours, the oxygen concentration in the chamber increases. Which process is primarily responsible for this observation?

Accepted Answer

The splitting of water during the light reactions of photosynthesis

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between C4 and CAM photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

C4 plants separate carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle spatially, while CAM plants separate them temporally.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 19

Which of the following equations correctly represents cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is a type of fermentation, and what is a common real-world application?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation; used by muscle cells during intense exercise

BIO 121 Unit 3 Study Guidance: Photosynthesis, Cellular Respiration, and Related Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards