Q: A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $[H^+]$ in this solution?

$[H^+] = 1 \times 10^{-4} \ \mathrm{M}$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Because the oxygen atom is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms, resulting in a partial negative charge near the oxygen and a partial positive charge near the hydrogens.

Question 2

A scientist discovers a new organism that is multicellular, has a nucleus, and obtains nutrients by absorption. To which kingdom does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Kingdom Fungi

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the levels of biological organization is correct?

Accepted Answer

Organs are made up of tissues, which are made up of cells.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $[H^+]$ in this solution?

Accepted Answer

$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10^{-4} \ \mathrm{M}$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living things?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why water is resistant to temperature change?

Accepted Answer

Water has a high specific heat due to hydrogen bonding between molecules.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a macromolecule with its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate – Monosaccharide

Question 9

A patient is diagnosed with anemia due to a deficiency in iron. Iron is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A trace element essential for human health

Question 10

Which of the following statements about DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is usually double-stranded, while RNA is usually single-stranded.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of protein denaturation?

Accepted Answer

The loss of a protein's three-dimensional structure, resulting in loss of function.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide and its biological function?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen – energy storage in animals

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why saturated fats are solid at room temperature while unsaturated fats are liquid?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, allowing them to pack closely together.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are large molecules made by joining together many monomers.

Question 15

A molecule of water is able to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Which property of water does this explain?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the classification of living things?

Accepted Answer

Organisms in the same genus are always in the same family.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophilic molecules are attracted to water, while hydrophobic molecules repel water.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the atomic number and atomic mass of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number is the number of protons, while atomic mass is the sum of protons and neutrons.

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of the importance of water as a solvent in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Water allows for the transport of nutrients and waste in blood plasma.

Question 20

A molecule has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is its atomic number and atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number = 6, Atomic mass = 12

BIOL 100: Exam 1 Study Guide – Foundations of Biology, Chemistry, and Biologically Important Molecules

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