Question 1

Which of the following best describes the reaction that joins monomers to form polymers in biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis, which removes water to form covalent bonds

Question 2

A student adds Benedict’s reagent to an unknown solution and heats it. The solution turns orange. What does this indicate about the unknown solution?

Accepted Answer

It contains reducing sugars

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is composed mainly of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins

Question 4

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will shrink because water leaves the cell

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cells are small in size?

Accepted Answer

A large surface area to volume ratio increases efficiency of material exchange

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower activation energy, increasing reaction rates

Question 7

The reaction catalyzed by catalase is:

Accepted Answer

$$2 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a competitive inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

It binds to the active site, blocking substrate binding

Question 9

After boiling an enzyme solution, you test its activity and find none. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme was denatured and lost its functional shape

Question 10

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

The movement of water from low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane

Question 11

Which reagent would you use to test for the presence of proteins in a solution?

Accepted Answer

Biuret reagent

Question 12

A dialysis bag containing a 10% sucrose solution is placed in a beaker of distilled water. What will happen to the bag over time?

Accepted Answer

The bag will gain mass as water enters by osmosis

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

Movement of sodium ions from low to high concentration using ATP

Question 14

Which statement about the null hypothesis in an enzyme experiment is correct?

Accepted Answer

It predicts that there will be no significant difference between experimental groups

Question 15

When would you use a t-test in analyzing experimental data?

Accepted Answer

When comparing the means of two groups

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a positive control in an enzyme experiment?

Accepted Answer

A sample expected to show a known response if the experiment works

Question 17

If the p-value from your experiment is less than 0.05, what does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

There is a statistically significant difference between groups

Question 18

Which macromolecule would Sudan IV reagent test for in a biological sample?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a polymer?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 20

A scientist wants to compare the effect of three different temperatures on enzyme activity. Which statistical test should they use?

Accepted Answer

ANOVA

BIOL 1107L Exam #1 Study Guide: Organic Molecules, Cells, Enzymes, and Experimental Design

Study Guide - Practice Questions