Question 1

Which process is responsible for joining monomers to form polymers, and what is the byproduct of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis; water is released

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids are solid, unsaturated fatty acids are liquid

Question 3

A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are joined by which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 4

Which of the following is a storage polysaccharide found in animals, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen; stores energy

Question 5

Which structural polysaccharide is found in the cell walls of plants, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose; structural support

Question 6

Which of the following correctly matches the monomer and polymer of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide; DNA

Question 7

What is the main difference between the sugars found in DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose, RNA contains ribose

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of phospholipids in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

They form a bilayer with hydrophilic heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding the base pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine pairs with thymine, guanine pairs with cytosine

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{12}H$$_{22}$$O_{11} + H$$_{2}$$O \rightarrow 2C_{6}H$$_{12}$$O_{6}$

Question 11

Which of the following is a steroid, and what is its primary biological function?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol; component of cell membranes

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the structure of DNA and RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of monosaccharides in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Immediate energy source

Question 14

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids store genetic information that directs protein synthesis

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{6}H$$_{12}$$O_{6} + C$$_{6}$$H_{12}O$$_{6} \rightarrow $$C_{12}H$$_{22}$$O_{11} + H$$_{2}$$O$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their hydrophobic tails avoid water while hydrophilic heads interact with water

Question 17

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in fungi and arthropods, and what is its function?

Accepted Answer

Chitin; provides structural support

Question 18

Which of the following correctly identifies the purines found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine and guanine

Question 19

A triglyceride is formed from which components, and what type of bond is created?

Accepted Answer

Three fatty acids and one glycerol; ester bond

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the complementary nature of DNA strands?

Accepted Answer

The base sequence of one strand determines the sequence of the other

Biological Macromolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

Study Guide - Practice Questions