Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structure of a triglyceride molecule?

Accepted Answer

A glycerol molecule bonded to three fatty acid chains

Question 2

What is the main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds

Question 3

Which of the following is a common name for liquid lipids?

Accepted Answer

Oil

Question 4

Phospholipids are described as amphipathic molecules. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

Question 5

Which component of the cell membrane is responsible for forming a bilayer due to its amphipathic nature?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Question 6

Steroids are a type of lipid. Which of the following is a function of steroids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of hormones such as sex hormones and aldosterone

Question 7

Which molecule is primarily responsible for information storage in cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 8

What is the correct order of the components in a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate group, five-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 9

Which functional group in an amino acid acts as a base by accepting $\mathrm{H^+}$ ions?

Accepted Answer

Amino group

Question 10

If you put a carboxyl group in water, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

It will donate $\mathrm{H^+}$ ions

Question 11

Which protein is responsible for cytoplasmic streaming in cells?

Accepted Answer

Actin

Question 12

What is the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The order of amino acid monomers in the protein

Question 13

Which type of bond is formed between amino acids in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 14

All living things use the same 20 amino acids to make proteins. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

All living things share a common ancestor

Question 15

Which protein is involved in the movement of cilia and flagella?

Accepted Answer

Tubulin

Question 16

What is the function of hemoglobin in the body?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the secondary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Twisting or folding of the amino acids into alpha helices and beta sheets

Question 18

Enzymes are organic catalysts. What is their main function?

Accepted Answer

Speeding up chemical reactions

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 20

A student is trying to make margarine from vegetable oil. Which chemical process must occur to convert the unsaturated fatty acids in oil to saturated fatty acids in margarine?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogenation, which adds hydrogen atoms to double bonds, converting them to single bonds

Biological Macromolecules: Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Proteins

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