Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are large molecules made by joining together many monomers.

Question 2

During the formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides, which type of reaction occurs and what is the byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis; water is produced.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{12}H$$_{22}$$O_{11} + H_2O \rightarrow 2C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct example of a monosaccharide and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Glucose; immediate energy source for cells

Question 5

A patient is unable to digest lactose. Which type of bond is the patient unable to hydrolyze?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic bond

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between storage and structural polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Storage polysaccharides are used for energy storage, while structural polysaccharides provide support and protection.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a polysaccharide and its function?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose; structural support in plant cell walls

Question 8

A scientist is studying a molecule that is a polymer of glucose and is used for energy storage in animals. Which molecule is she most likely studying?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

Which of the following statements about dehydration synthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

It forms polymers from monomers by removing a molecule of water.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a correct example of a disaccharide and its component monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose: glucose + fructose

Question 11

A biologist adds an enzyme to a solution containing starch and water. After several hours, she detects a high concentration of glucose. Which process has occurred?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break the specific glycosidic bonds in cellulose.

Question 13

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of insects and the cell walls of fungi?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 14

If a plant stores excess glucose as starch, which type of reaction is responsible for this process?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of monosaccharides in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They serve as the main source of immediate energy.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct chemical formula for a common monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why glycogen is a suitable storage polysaccharide in animals?

Accepted Answer

It is highly branched, allowing rapid release of glucose when needed.

Question 18

A student mixes glucose and fructose in a test tube and adds an enzyme that catalyzes dehydration synthesis. Which disaccharide will be formed?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 19

Which of the following statements about polysaccharides is correct?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct real-life application of hydrolysis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down dietary starch into glucose during digestion

Biological Macromolecules: Monomers, Polymers, and Carbohydrates

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