Question 1

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction in the synthesis of biological polymers?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that removes a water molecule to join two monomers, forming a covalent bond.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the formation of maltose from two glucose molecules via dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} + \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}} + \mathrm{H_2O}$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a correct monomer-polymer pairing?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide — Protein

Question 4

A student is studying the breakdown of polymers in the digestive system. Which process is primarily responsible for this breakdown?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 5

Which of the following correctly identifies the structural difference between glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is an aldose, while fructose is a ketose.

Question 6

Which type of glycosidic linkage is found in maltose?

Accepted Answer

Alpha 1→4

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why starch and cellulose, both made of glucose monomers, have different properties?

Accepted Answer

Starch contains alpha glucose monomers with 1→4 linkages, while cellulose contains beta glucose monomers with 1→4 linkages.

Question 8

Which of the following is a storage polysaccharide found in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

A scientist hydrolyzes a sample of sucrose. Which products will be detected?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and fructose

Question 10

Which of the following equations represents the hydrolysis of lactose?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} + \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6}$

Question 11

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide found in fungi and arthropods?

Accepted Answer

Chitin

Question 12

Which statement best explains the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose is unbranched, while amylopectin is branched.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about the structure of glucose in solution?

Accepted Answer

Glucose can exist in both linear and ring forms in solution.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of a glycosidic bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed between two monosaccharides via a dehydration reaction.

Question 15

Which of the following is a disaccharide formed from galactose and glucose?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why humans can digest starch but not cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans have enzymes that hydrolyze alpha 1→4 linkages in starch, but lack enzymes for beta 1→4 linkages in cellulose.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct general formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_nH_{2n}O_n}$

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct example of a structural isomer among hexoses?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and galactose

Question 19

A patient is unable to digest lactose due to a deficiency in the enzyme lactase. Which reaction is impaired in this patient?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of lactose into glucose and galactose

Biological Macromolecules: Structure and Function of Carbohydrates and Polymers

Study Guide - Practice Questions