Question 1

Which property of carbon most directly explains its ability to form large, complex molecules essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Its ability to form four covalent bonds

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that forms polymers from monomers by removing water

Question 3

Which functional group is correctly matched with its structure?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group: $$-COOH$$

Question 4

A molecule with the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$ is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a polymer and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharide and monosaccharide

Question 6

Which of the following statements about saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids are essential for cell membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, allowing them to form bilayers

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 9

A peptide bond forms between which two functional groups of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Amino group and carboxyl group

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The overall three-dimensional shape of a single polypeptide

Question 11

Which of the following nucleotides is found only in RNA and not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains thymine, while RNA contains uracil

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that breaks a polymer into monomers by adding a water molecule

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break the beta-glycosidic linkages in cellulose

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Storing and transmitting genetic information

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

They have a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world example of a protein's function?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin transporting oxygen in the blood

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are considered biological catalysts?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy required for reactions

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in animals?

Accepted Answer

It is an energy storage polysaccharide in liver and muscle cells

Biological Molecules: Structure, Function, and Classification

Study Guide - Practice Questions