Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isomer?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with the same molecular formula but a different structure than another molecule.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major classes of large biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 3

What is the process called by which macromolecules are built from monomers?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the hydrolysis of a polymer made of three monomers?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{A{-}B{-}C} + 2\mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{A{-}OH} + \mathrm{B{-}OH} + \mathrm{C{-}OH}$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about chemical reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Chemical reactions make and break chemical bonds.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a hydrophilic substance?

Accepted Answer

A substance that dissolves easily in water.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Question 8

Which bond is formed between monosaccharides to create polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 9

Cellulose is the most abundant organic molecule on Earth. What is its primary biological function?

Accepted Answer

Structural support in plants

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct example of a monomer for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharide

Question 11

Which process is responsible for breaking down macromolecules into their monomers?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a way in which carbon-based compounds can vary?

Accepted Answer

Number of protons in the carbon atom

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct representation of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$Monomer_1$${-}OH} + \mathrm{$$Monomer_2$${-}H} \rightarrow \mathrm{$$Monomer_1$${-}$$Monomer_2$$} + \mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about lipids?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are hydrophobic and do not dissolve in water.

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-world example of a carbohydrate used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why isomers can have different biological functions?

Accepted Answer

Isomers have different arrangements of atoms, affecting their interactions with other molecules.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of a chemical reaction involving water?

Accepted Answer

$$2\mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{H_3O^+} + \mathrm{OH^-}$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about macromolecules is correct?

Accepted Answer

Macromolecules are polymers built from monomers.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct match between a biological molecule and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate - Monosaccharide

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of acids and bases in water?

Accepted Answer

Acids add $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions to the solution, while bases reduce $$\mathrm{H^+}$$ ions.

Biological Molecules: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Study Guide - Practice Questions