Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living things as described in Chapter 1?

Accepted Answer

Ability to photosynthesize

Question 2

A scientist observes that plants grow faster when exposed to blue light compared to red light. Which step of the scientific method does this observation represent?

Accepted Answer

Making an observation

Question 3

Which of the following domains includes organisms with prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 4

What is the correct formula for calculating the pH of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{pH} = -\log_{10}[\mathrm{H}^+]$$

Question 5

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 6

Water has a high specific heat capacity. Which property of water does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Water resists changes in temperature

Question 7

Which functional group is found in amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-\mathrm{COOH})$$

Question 8

Which process involves the breakdown of polymers into monomers by the addition of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 9

Which of the following is a polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder affecting the structure of their cell membranes. Which type of organic molecule is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 11

Which organelle is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 12

According to the endosymbiotic theory, which organelles are believed to have originated from free-living prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Buffers maintain a stable pH by accepting or donating hydrogen ions

Question 14

A cell is observed to have a cell wall, ribosomes, and no nucleus. Which domain does this cell most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 15

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for reactions

Question 16

Which property of water allows insects to walk on its surface?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension due to hydrogen bonding

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a polymer and its monomer?

Accepted Answer

Starch and glucose

Question 18

A scientist wants to test the effect of a new drug on cell division. What is the best way to ensure the results are valid?

Accepted Answer

Include a control group and replicate the experiment

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 20

Which molecule is the primary energy currency of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Biology 100: Chapters 1–4 Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards