Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

A scientist observes that a certain plant grows faster when exposed to blue light compared to red light. She hypothesizes that blue light increases the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following would be the best prediction based on her hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

If plants are exposed to blue light, then their rate of photosynthesis will increase.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a testable statement, while a theory is a broad explanation supported by evidence.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about water is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are held together by ionic bonds.

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the hydrogen ion concentration $$[H^+] in $$moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$

Question 5

Which functional group is found in amino acids and acts as a base by accepting hydrogen ions?

Accepted Answer

Amine group

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in water?

Accepted Answer

Their fatty acid tails are hydrophobic and their phosphate heads are hydrophilic.

Question 7

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 8

A cell is placed in a solution and water moves into the cell. Which of the following best describes the solution?

Accepted Answer

The solution is hypotonic to the cell.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of a protein from amino acids

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 12

During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 13

A woman who is a carrier for an X-linked recessive disorder and a man who does not have the disorder have a son. What is the probability that their son will have the disorder?

Accepted Answer

50%

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of DNA polymerase III during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the 3' end.

Question 15

Which of the following mutations would most likely result in a nonfunctional protein?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria and chloroplasts are considered to have an endosymbiotic origin?

Accepted Answer

They have their own circular DNA and double membranes.

Question 17

If a DNA sample contains 30% adenine, according to Chargaff’s rules, what percentage of guanine does it contain?

Accepted Answer

20%

Question 18

Which process results in the production of four genetically unique haploid cells from one diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the effect of a competitive inhibitor on an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

It binds to the active site, preventing substrate binding.

Question 20

A pedigree shows a trait that skips generations and appears equally in males and females. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

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