Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of homeostasis in mammals?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining stable internal physiological conditions despite external environmental changes.

Question 2

A patient with diabetes injects insulin after a meal to lower their blood glucose levels. This is an example of which physiological process?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback

Question 3

During childbirth, the release of oxytocin causes increased uterine contractions, which in turn stimulates more oxytocin release. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 4

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will swell because water enters the cell by osmosis.

Question 5

Which of the following best differentiates regulators from conformers?

Accepted Answer

Regulators maintain stable internal conditions; conformers allow internal conditions to vary with the environment.

Question 6

Which tissue type is responsible for conducting electrical signals in animals?

Accepted Answer

Nervous tissue

Question 7

Arrange the following levels of biological organization in mammals from least to most complex:

A. Organ system
B. Tissue
C. Cell
D. Organ

Accepted Answer

C (Cell) → B (Tissue) → D (Organ) → A (Organ system)

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of feedforward regulation in humans?

Accepted Answer

Salivating at the smell of food before eating

Question 9

Countercurrent heat exchange is most likely to be found in which scenario?

Accepted Answer

A penguin's legs, where warm arterial blood transfers heat to cold venous blood flowing in the opposite direction.

Question 10

Which structural adaptation in the small intestine increases nutrient absorption, and how does it work?

Accepted Answer

Villi and microvilli increase surface area for absorption.

Question 11

Why is emulsification important for lipid digestion in mammals?

Accepted Answer

It increases the surface area of fats for enzyme action.

Question 12

In ruminant animals such as cows, where does the majority of cellulose digestion occur, and what is the role of symbiotic microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

In the rumen and reticulum, where microorganisms digest cellulose.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains the difference between fat and carbohydrate absorption in mammals?

Accepted Answer

Fats enter the lymphatic system; carbohydrates enter the bloodstream.

Question 14

Which macromolecule is primarily digested in the stomach, and by what process?

Accepted Answer

Proteins, by enzymatic hydrolysis

Question 15

Which of the following best defines an alimentary canal?

Accepted Answer

A digestive tube with separate openings for food entry and waste exit.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of innate behavior?

Accepted Answer

A spider spinning a web without prior experience.

Question 17

A young duckling follows the first moving object it sees after hatching. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Imprinting

Question 18

Which of the following best describes kin selection?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection favoring behaviors that benefit relatives.

Question 19

According to the many-eyes hypothesis, what is the main advantage of group living in animals?

Accepted Answer

Increased predator detection through shared vigilance.

Question 20

Why do many animals, such as birds, call at dawn and dusk?

Accepted Answer

Sound travels better due to less turbulent air.

Biology Study Guide: Homeostasis, Digestion, and Behavioral Ecology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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