Question 1

Which of the following best explains why humans cannot digest cellulose, even though it is made of glucose monomers?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break the β-1,4 glycosidic linkages in cellulose.

Question 2

Which carbohydrate is primarily used for energy storage in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder that causes protein aggregates to form in neurons. Which protein structure level is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary structure

Question 4

Which of the following statements about enzyme catalysis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy but do not change $$\Delta G.$$

Question 5

Which lipid structure is most important for forming biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Bilayers

Question 6

A mutation changes a hydrophobic amino acid in the core of a protein to a hydrophilic one. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The protein may denature or lose its function due to altered tertiary structure.

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct example of a coupled reaction in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP hydrolysis provides energy to drive a non-spontaneous reaction.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of cholesterol in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Forming the main structural component of the lipid bilayer

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the induced fit model of enzyme function?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme changes shape upon substrate binding to better fit the substrate.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an allosteric inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that binds to a site other than the active site and decreases enzyme activity.

Question 12

Which of the following forces is most likely to contribute to protein denaturation when exposed to high temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about cofactors?

Accepted Answer

Cofactors are non-protein molecules that assist enzymes in catalysis.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

It joins two monomers by removing a water molecule.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about spontaneous reactions?

Accepted Answer

They have a negative $$\Delta G.$$

Question 16

A scientist observes that a protein loses its function after exposure to a strong acid. Which level of protein structure is most likely disrupted?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a real-life enzyme function?

Accepted Answer

Amylase catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into glucose in saliva.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of chaperones in protein folding?

Accepted Answer

Chaperones assist in the proper folding of proteins and prevent aggregation.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the four levels of protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Quaternary structure involves the interaction of multiple polypeptide chains.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about the relationship between enzyme active sites and substrate specificity?

Accepted Answer

The shape and chemical environment of the active site determine which substrates can bind.

Biomolecules and Enzyme Function: General Biology Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions