Q: Which equation correctly represents the main chemical reaction occurring in mitochondria during cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which cell component is primarily responsible for synthesizing proteins that are destined for secretion from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 2

A mutation disrupts the function of the lysosome in an animal cell. Which cellular process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of macromolecules

Question 3

Which organelle is bounded by a double membrane and is the site of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 4

If a cell's Golgi apparatus is damaged, which process would be most impaired?

Accepted Answer

Modification and sorting of proteins

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water

Question 6

A plant cell is exposed to a toxin that disrupts the structure of the chloroplast. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Decreased photosynthetic activity

Question 7

Which cell component is directly involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

A scientist isolates a cell organelle that consists of stacks of flattened membranous sacs with polarity. Which organelle has she most likely isolated?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the main chemical reaction occurring in mitochondria during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 10

Which organelle is most likely to be abundant in liver cells that are involved in detoxifying alcohol and drugs?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

A cell is unable to produce sufficient ATP. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 13

Which cell component is composed of two subunits made of ribosomal RNA and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 14

A genetic disorder prevents the formation of the nuclear envelope. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Protection and organization of genetic material

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions

Question 16

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of most of the cell’s phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

A cell is observed to have an extensive network of rough endoplasmic reticulum. What is the most likely function of this cell?

Accepted Answer

Secretion of large amounts of protein

Question 18

Which equation represents the main chemical reaction occurring in chloroplasts during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$}$$

Question 19

Which organelle would be most affected in a genetic disease that impairs the breakdown of fatty acids, leading to accumulation of toxic substances?

Accepted Answer

Peroxisome

Cell Components: Structure and Function in Eukaryotic Cells

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