Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the phases of mitosis in order?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 2

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 3

Which of the following correctly lists the phases of Meiosis I in order?

Accepted Answer

Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I

Question 4

A cell is observed under a microscope with chromosomes lined up in pairs along the center of the cell. Which phase of meiosis is this cell most likely in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase I

Question 5

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells.

Question 6

A woman who is heterozygous for a recessive autosomal trait (Aa) and a man who is homozygous dominant (AA) have a child. What is the probability that their child will express the recessive phenotype?

Accepted Answer

$$0\%$$

Question 7

In a dihybrid cross between two individuals heterozygous for both traits ($$RrYy 	imes RrYy$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio among the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 8

A colorblind woman (X$$^cX$^c) $$and a man with normal vision (X$$^CY) $$have a son. What is the probability that their son will be colorblind? (Colorblindness is X-linked recessive.)

Accepted Answer

$$100\%$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes the inheritance of sex-linked traits?

Accepted Answer

They are typically associated with genes located on the X chromosome and often affect males more than females.

Question 10

A man with genotype X$$^cY ($$colorblind) and a woman with genotype X$$^CX$^c ($$carrier) have a daughter. What is the probability that their daughter will be colorblind?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following best distinguishes autosomal traits from sex-linked traits?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal traits are determined by genes on non-sex chromosomes, while sex-linked traits are determined by genes on the X or Y chromosomes.

Question 12

If a cell with 8 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after cytokinesis?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 13

If a cell with 8 chromosomes undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete have after meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 14

A plant with genotype $$Tt ($$tall) is crossed with another $$Tt$$ plant. What is the expected genotypic ratio among the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ T T : 2\ T t : 1\ t t$$

Question 15

A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia (X$$^HX$^h) $$and a man who does not have hemophilia (X$$^HY) $$have a child. What is the probability that their son will have hemophilia? (Hemophilia is X-linked recessive.)

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 16

Which of the following events occurs during Anaphase II of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles.

Question 17

A geneticist is studying a trait controlled by a single gene with two alleles, where the dominant allele (A) produces brown eyes and the recessive allele (a) produces blue eyes. If two heterozygous individuals (Aa) have children, what is the probability that a child will have blue eyes?

Accepted Answer

$$25\%$$

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why genetic variation is higher in offspring produced by meiosis compared to mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis includes crossing over and independent assortment, which shuffle alleles.

Question 19

A man with blood type AB and a woman with blood type O have a child. What are the possible blood types of their child?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 20

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the difference between autosomal and sex-linked inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A trait that appears more frequently in males and is passed from mother to son is likely sex-linked, while a trait that appears equally in both sexes is likely autosomal.

Cell Division and Mendelian Genetics: Key Concepts for Exam 4

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