Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the phases of mitosis in order?

Accepted Answer

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 2

During meiosis I, which phase immediately follows metaphase I?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells.

Question 4

A cell is observed with chromosomes aligned at the center of the cell, each attached to spindle fibers from opposite poles. Which phase is this cell in?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 5

Which of the following correctly lists the phases of meiosis II in order?

Accepted Answer

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II

Question 6

In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$Tt 	imes Tt$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio of tall to short offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 7

A woman who is a carrier for a sex-linked recessive trait ($$X^N X^n) $$and a man who does not have the trait ($$X^N Y) $$have a son. What is the probability that their son will have the trait?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about autosomal and sex-linked traits is correct?

Accepted Answer

Sex-linked traits are typically found on the X or Y chromosomes, while autosomal traits are found on non-sex chromosomes.

Question 9

In a dihybrid cross between two individuals heterozygous for both traits ($$RrYy 	imes RrYy$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio among the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 10

A geneticist is studying a trait that is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. If two heterozygous parents ($$Aa 	imes Aa) $$have a child, what is the probability that the child will be homozygous recessive?

Accepted Answer

$$25\%$$

Question 11

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 12

A colorblind woman (X-linked recessive trait) marries a man with normal vision. What is the probability that their daughters will be colorblind?

Accepted Answer

$$0\%$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why genetic variation is increased during meiosis but not mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over and independent assortment occur during meiosis but not mitosis.

Question 14

If a cell starts with 8 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis and after meiosis, respectively?

Accepted Answer

8 after mitosis, 4 after meiosis

Question 15

A man with genotype $$X^n Y ($$affected by an X-linked recessive disorder) and a woman with genotype $$X^N X^n ($$carrier) have a child. What is the probability that their daughter will be affected?

Accepted Answer

$$50\%$$

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the products of meiosis II?

Accepted Answer

Each cell contains half the number of chromosomes as the original cell and is genetically unique.

Question 17

A plant with genotype $$Rr is $$crossed with a plant with genotype $$rr. $$What is the expected genotypic ratio of the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$1:1 (Rr$$:rr)

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

A dihybrid cross produces offspring with new combinations of traits not found in either parent.

Question 19

If a woman with blood type $$AB ($$genotype $$I^A I^B) $$has a child with a man with blood type $$O ($$genotype $$ii$$), what are the possible blood types of their children?

Accepted Answer

A or B

Question 20

Which of the following events occurs during prophase I of meiosis but not during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosomes pair up and crossing over occurs.

Cell Division and Patterns of Inheritance: Study Guide

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