Q: Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the number of chromosomes ($$n) $$and the number of chromatids after DNA replication in a diploid cell?

$$\text{Number of chromatids} = 2n$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction in terms of genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring, while sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity among offspring.

Question 2

During which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 3

Why is binary fission in prokaryotes classified as a form of asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

It produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent cell.

Question 4

A researcher treats cells with a chemical that prevents DNA synthesis from starting. In which part of the cell cycle would the cells be arrested?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 5

Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.

Question 6

In animal cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the formation of a cleavage furrow. What is the analogous structure in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell plate

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cancer cells can form malignant tumors?

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells ignore density-dependent inhibition and divide uncontrollably.

Question 8

If a eukaryotic cell has 8 chromosomes before DNA replication, how many chromatids will be present after chromosome duplication but before mitosis?

Accepted Answer

$$16$$

Question 9

Which checkpoint in the cell cycle ensures that chromosomes exist as duplicated sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

G2 checkpoint

Question 10

A scientist observes a cell with dense, duplicated chromosomes scattered throughout the cell. Which stage of mitosis is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prometaphase

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of errors in chromosome number or structure during cell division?

Accepted Answer

Development of genetic disorders such as Down syndrome

Question 12

What is the role of growth factors in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate cells to divide by binding to specific receptors and activating signal transduction pathways.

Question 13

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between the number of chromosomes ($$n) $$and the number of chromatids after DNA replication in a diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Number of chromatids} = 2n$$

Question 14

Why do normal animal cells grown in culture stop dividing when they form a single layer covering the dish surface?

Accepted Answer

They experience density-dependent inhibition.

Question 15

Which of the following treatments is effective against cancer because it interferes with cell division?

Accepted Answer

Radiation and chemotherapy

Question 16

A sea star can regenerate a new individual from a fragmented arm. What type of reproduction is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

Asexual reproduction

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why observational studies are often used in human cancer research instead of controlled experiments?

Accepted Answer

It is often not ethical or feasible to randomly assign people to cancer treatments.

Question 18

Which structure is responsible for moving chromosomes during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitotic spindle

Question 19

Which of the following is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic chromosomes are grouped into multiple linear chromosomes in the nucleus, while prokaryotic chromosomes are typically a single circular DNA molecule.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of chromosome duplication before cell division in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Each chromosome is duplicated to form two identical sister chromatids joined together.

Cell Division and Reproduction: The Cellular Basis of Inheritance

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