Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of cell division by mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Production of gametes for sexual reproduction

Question 2

Before a cell divides, its chromosomes must be duplicated. What is the main reason for this duplication?

Accepted Answer

To ensure each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information

Question 3

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?

Accepted Answer

S phase

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between somatic cells and gametes?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cells are diploid, while gametes are haploid

Question 5

If a human cell has 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis?

Accepted Answer

46

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the chromosome number change during meiosis in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$2n \rightarrow n$$

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with Down syndrome. Which chromosomal abnormality is responsible for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Trisomy 21

Question 8

Which process is responsible for genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 9

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They carry the same genes but may have different alleles

Question 10

A cell with a diploid number of 8 ($$2n = 8) $$undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will each gamete contain?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 11

Which of the following is a result of nondisjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A gamete with an abnormal number of chromosomes

Question 12

Which syndrome is characterized by the presence of only one X chromosome ($$XO) in $$females?

Accepted Answer

Turner syndrome

Question 13

Which of the following events occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes condense and become visible

Question 14

Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about sexual reproduction compared to asexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity

Question 16

A cell is observed to have 47 chromosomes. Which condition might this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome

Question 17

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces genetically identical cells, while meiosis produces genetically unique cells

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

It divides the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells

Question 19

Which chromosomal abnormality is associated with Klinefelter syndrome?

Accepted Answer

XXY

Question 20

A scientist observes a cell with homologous chromosomes pairing up and crossing over. Which process is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis I

Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction: Study Notes for General Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions