Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Production of ATP through cellular respiration

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the process of cellular respiration in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$ C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP $

Question 4

During cell division, which structure is responsible for organizing and separating chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Spindle fibers

Question 5

A mutation occurs in a cell that prevents the formation of spindle fibers. What is the most likely consequence during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes will not separate properly

Question 6

Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis results in diploid cells, while meiosis results in haploid cells

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cells are typically small in size?

Accepted Answer

To maximize the surface area-to-volume ratio for efficient exchange of materials

Question 8

A female organism produces gametes through meiosis. Which chromosome number will the gametes have compared to the organism's somatic cells?

Accepted Answer

Half the number of chromosomes

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

G1 phase → S phase → G2 phase → M phase

Question 10

A researcher is studying a moss species and observes that it alternates between haploid and diploid stages. What is this type of life cycle called?

Accepted Answer

Alternation of generations

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Packages and modifies proteins for transport

Question 12

If a cell has 46 chromosomes before mitosis, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis?

Accepted Answer

46 chromosomes

Question 13

Which of the following equations represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$ 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 $

Question 14

A cell is observed to have a thick cell wall and lacks membrane-bound organelles. Which type of cell is most likely being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 15

Which process is responsible for the genetic variation observed in offspring produced by sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over during meiosis

Question 16

A moss plant releases spores that grow into a new haploid generation. What process produces these spores?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Question 17

Which of the following statements about cell specialization is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cell specialization allows cells to perform unique functions necessary for the organism's survival

Question 18

A cell is unable to produce lysosomes. Which cellular process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of cellular waste

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

It maintains the chromosome number across generations by producing haploid gametes

Question 20

A scientist is studying a cell that is actively synthesizing proteins. Which organelle is most directly involved in this process?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Cell Division and Specialized Cells: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions