Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid Mosaic Model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic bilayer of phospholipids with proteins embedded and interspersed throughout, allowing lateral movement.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

The cell will swell and may burst because water moves into the cell where solute concentration is higher.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of DNA

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that facilitated diffusion:

Accepted Answer

Requires the assistance of membrane proteins to move specific molecules down their concentration gradient.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of osmotic pressure ($$\Pi) $$using van't Hoff's law for dilute solutions?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = CRT$$

Question 6

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What is the net movement of water, and what happens to the cell volume?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of water, and the cell volume remains stable.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why plant cells do not burst in a hypotonic environment?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells have a rigid cell wall that provides mechanical support and prevents excessive swelling.

Question 8

Which process is responsible for the uptake of large solid particles, such as bacteria, by a white blood cell?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 9

A scientist observes that a certain molecule can cross the plasma membrane only when a specific protein is present, and the process does not require ATP. Which transport mechanism is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 10

Which of the following statements about active transport is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Active transport uses energy, often from ATP, to move molecules against their concentration gradient.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of glycoproteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They serve as recognition sites for cell-to-cell interactions.

Question 12

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Predict the direction of water movement and the likely outcome for the cell.

Accepted Answer

Water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A liver cell importing cholesterol via LDL particles binding to specific membrane receptors.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about selective permeability is correct?

Accepted Answer

The membrane allows some substances to cross more easily than others.

Question 15

During exocytosis, which of the following events occurs?

Accepted Answer

A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane, releasing its contents outside the cell.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why facilitated diffusion exhibits saturation kinetics?

Accepted Answer

Because the rate of transport depends on the number of available carrier proteins, which can become fully occupied.

Question 17

A patient is given an intravenous solution that is hypertonic relative to their red blood cells. What is the most likely physiological effect?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells will shrink as water leaves the cells.

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios requires energy input from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Active transport of sodium ions out of a neuron.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Cell Membrane Structure and Function: Study Notes for General Biology

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