Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They are involved in transport, enzymatic activity, signal transduction, cell-cell recognition, intercellular joining, and attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which term best describes the solution?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 3

Which of the following statements about passive transport is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the movement of substances across a membrane with no energy (ATP) investment.

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to move polar molecules and ions across the plasma membrane.

Question 5

Which process is responsible for the uptake of large particles, such as bacteria, by a cell?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 6

What is the main difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules, while anabolic pathways consume energy to build complicated molecules.

Question 7

Which equation correctly represents the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) of a $$reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = G_{products} - G_{reactants}$$

Question 8

A cell uses a proton pump to move hydrogen ions from a region of low concentration to high concentration. What type of transport is this?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 9

Which of the following is true about exergonic reactions in a closed system?

Accepted Answer

They reach equilibrium and are no longer spontaneous ($$\Delta G = 0).$$

Question 10

Which statement best explains why open systems, such as living cells, are always in disequilibrium?

Accepted Answer

They constantly exchange energy and matter with their surroundings.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a major function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

DNA replication

Question 12

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will lose water and shrink.

Question 13

Which type of endocytosis involves the cell taking in liquid and dissolved solutes?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis

Question 14

Which of the following statements about ATP is correct?

Accepted Answer

ATP is an important source of energy for cellular processes.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the movement of molecules in diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Molecules move randomly and spread out evenly into available space.

Question 16

Which of the following is a property of hydrophobic (nonpolar) molecules in passive transport?

Accepted Answer

They are lipid soluble and can pass through the membrane rapidly.

Question 17

Which process involves the movement of molecules against a concentration gradient with carrier proteins and energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 18

Which of the following is true about spontaneous reactions?

Accepted Answer

They have a negative $$\Delta G$$ value.

Question 19

Which type of transport protein provides corridors that allow a specific molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Channel proteins

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of coupled transport (cotransport) in cells?

Accepted Answer

Using the momentum gained from moving protons to help transport sucrose into the cell

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Metabolism: Study Notes for General Biology

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