Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Cell Theory as proposed by Schleiden and Schwann?

Accepted Answer

All living organisms are composed of cells, and cells are the smallest living units that arise only from pre-existing cells.

Question 2

A neutral atom has an atomic number of 6. How many electrons are present in its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a component shared by all cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 4

Which domain contains organisms that are extremophiles and possess both bacteria-like genes and eukaryotic-like information processing systems?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 5

A chemical reaction is shown: $A + B \rightarrow AB$. What type of reaction is this most likely to represent?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of proteins

Question 7

If a prokaryotic cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Water will enter the cell, possibly causing it to burst.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about prokaryotic DNA?

Accepted Answer

It is typically found in a single, circular chromosome located in the nucleoid region.

Question 9

Which of the following reactions is an example of hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down a polypeptide into amino acids using water.

Question 10

A cell increases its diameter by 10 times. By what factor does its surface area increase?

Accepted Answer

$100$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is correct?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support and helps in cell movement.

Question 12

Which of the following is a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Cell walls containing peptidoglycan.

Question 14

A cell contains a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes, but lacks internal membrane-bound organelles. What type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why cells are small?

Accepted Answer

To maximize the surface area-to-volume ratio for efficient exchange of materials.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They are found both free in the cytoplasm and attached to internal membranes.

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Formation of glycogen from glucose in the liver.

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible consequence if a cell lacked ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

It would be unable to synthesize proteins.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the genetic material in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A single, circular DNA molecule located in the nucleoid.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Archaea and Bacteria are both prokaryotic, but Archaea have unique genes and metabolic pathways.

Cell Structure and Function: Foundations of General Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions