Question 1

Which type of microscope would be most appropriate for visualizing the surface details of a virus particle, which is smaller than most bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Scanning electron microscope

Question 2

A researcher isolates a cell that is 2 $\mu$m in diameter, lacks a nucleus, and contains a cell wall. Which domain does this cell most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for packaging the genetic material in eukaryotic cells, but is absent in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles.

Question 5

Which biomolecule do ribosomes synthesize in all types of cells?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 6

A scientist wants to study the internal structure of mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscope

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 8

Which two organelles are primarily responsible for producing cellular energy in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

Question 9

Which of the following features is shared by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Contain DNA as genetic material

Question 10

A cell is observed to have a central vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 11

Which process do prokaryotic cells use to divide and reproduce?

Accepted Answer

Binary fission

Question 12

Which of the following statements about ribosomes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Protein modification and sorting

Question 14

A cell contains DNA in a circular form, small ribosomes, and divides by binary fission. What type of cell is this?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 15

Which organelle is present in plant cells but not in animal cells, and is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Certain organelles in eukaryotic cells originated from free-living prokaryotes engulfed by ancestral eukaryotes.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 18

A scientist observes a cell with the following characteristics: (1) presence of mitochondria, (2) presence of a nucleus, (3) absence of a cell wall. What type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Animal cell

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the location of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 20

Which of the following cell types would you expect to find in a multicellular organism with membrane-bound organelles and a large cell size (10–100 $\mu$m)?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cell

Cell Structure and Function: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells, Microscopy, and Organelles

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