Question 1

Which of the following is a key advantage of compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It allows for different metabolic reactions to occur simultaneously in separate locations.

Question 2

A scientist is comparing two spherical cells: Cell A with a radius of $2$ units and Cell B with a radius of $6$ units. Using the formulas $SA = 4\pi r^2$ and $V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3$, which cell has a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, and what does this imply about its efficiency in exchanging materials?

Accepted Answer

Cell A; it is more efficient at exchanging materials due to a higher $\frac{SA}{V}$ ratio.

Question 3

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 4

A mutation causes a eukaryotic cell to lose its ability to form a nuclear envelope. Which of the following would most likely be affected?

Accepted Answer

Separation of DNA from cytoplasmic processes

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Question 6

A cell is observed to have a cell wall, plasmodesmata, and a large central vacuole. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

The membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins and other macromolecules embedded within it.

Question 8

If a cell's surface area is $150$ units$^2$ and its volume is $50$ units$^3$, what is its surface area-to-volume ratio ($\frac{SA}{V}$)?

Accepted Answer

$3$

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of membrane carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Cell-to-cell recognition

Question 10

A cell is observed to lack membrane-bound organelles and has circular DNA. Which domain does this cell most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why small cells are generally more efficient than large cells?

Accepted Answer

Small cells have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, allowing for more efficient exchange of materials.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plant cell wall?

Accepted Answer

ATP production

Question 13

Which of the following statements about cholesterol in the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol helps maintain membrane fluidity at both high and low temperatures.

Question 14

A mutation causes a cell to produce only saturated fatty acids in its phospholipids. What is the most likely effect on the plasma membrane at low temperatures?

Accepted Answer

The membrane will become less fluid and may solidify.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about integral (transmembrane) proteins?

Accepted Answer

They are amphipathic and span the lipid bilayer.

Question 16

A cell with a low surface area-to-volume ratio is likely to experience which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty efficiently exchanging materials with its environment.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

They allow the passage of materials between adjacent plant cells.

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of ribosomes

Question 19

A researcher is studying a cell that contains both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Which type of organism is this cell most likely from?

Accepted Answer

Plant

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the plasma membrane is described as 'selectively permeable'?

Accepted Answer

It regulates which substances can enter and exit the cell.

Cell Structure and Function: Subcellular Components and Compartmentalization

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