Question 1

Which organelle is primarily responsible for converting light energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 2

Which structure is the main component of the plant cell wall, providing rigidity and support?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 3

A scientist observes a cell organelle that contains acid hydrolases and is involved in recycling cellular components. Which organelle is being described?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 4

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesize lipids

Question 5

Glycolipids are important for which cellular function?

Accepted Answer

Indicate cell identity

Question 6

In fungi, which organelle acts as a storage site for water and other substances?

Accepted Answer

Vacuole

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Produce ATP through cellular respiration

Question 8

A mutation causes a cell to lack acid hydrolases. Which cellular process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Recycling of cellular components

Question 9

Which of the following structures is embedded within the lipid bilayer and is essential for transporting molecules across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Integral membrane protein

Question 10

A cell is observed to have a thick outer layer composed mainly of polysaccharides. Which structure is being described?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 11

Which region of a cell is defined as the fluid portion inside the cell membrane but outside the organelles?

Accepted Answer

Cytosol

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesize lipids

Question 13

Which structure is found outside the plasma membrane and provides protection and structural support in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 14

Which of the following is a major difference between integral and peripheral membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Integral proteins span the lipid bilayer, while peripheral proteins are attached to the surface.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the composition of the lipid bilayer in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Two layers of phospholipids with hydrophobic tails facing inward and hydrophilic heads facing outward

Question 16

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that affects the synthesis of glycolipids. Which cellular function is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Cell identity recognition

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + light \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$

Question 18

Which of the following equations represents the process of cellular respiration in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + energy$

Question 19

A researcher is studying a membrane protein that is only loosely attached to the surface of the lipid bilayer and can be easily removed without disrupting the membrane. What type of protein is this?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral membrane protein

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why plant cells can maintain their shape even when placed in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

The cell wall prevents excessive expansion by providing structural support

Cell Structure and Membrane Components: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards