Question 1

Which of the following is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. Which type of cell is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 3

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids

Question 5

Which structure is NOT found in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasmodesmata

Question 6

A cell is placed in a solution and begins to swell. Which term best describes the solution?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between passive and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without energy input

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of glucose through a carrier protein

Question 9

Which of the following proteins is embedded within the plasma membrane and spans its entire width?

Accepted Answer

Integral protein

Question 10

A red blood cell is placed in a 0.9% NaCl solution and remains unchanged. What type of solution is this?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic

Question 11

Which of the following processes requires the cell to expend energy in the form of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell engulfs large particles by wrapping its membrane around them

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining cell shape and enabling movement

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It is selectively permeable and amphipathic

Question 15

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Movement of water from low to high solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 16

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will most likely happen?

Accepted Answer

The cell will lose water and plasmolyze

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly represents water potential ($\Psi$) in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

$\Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p$

Question 18

A cell with a solute potential ($\Psi_s$) of $-0.7$ MPa and a pressure potential ($\Psi_p$) of $0.5$ MPa has a water potential ($\Psi$) of:

Accepted Answer

$-0.2$ MPa

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell releases substances by vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane

Question 20

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have DNA in a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells have DNA in a nucleoid region

Cell Structure and Membrane Transport: Study Notes for General Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions