Q: Which of the following is the correct order of size from smallest to largest?

Amino acid < alpha helix < protein

Q: Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

It is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis

Q: A mutation disrupts the function of nuclear pores. Which process would be most directly affected?

Export of mRNA from the nucleus

Q: Which of the following best describes the endosymbiotic theory?

Eukaryotic cells originated when a host cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell that became a functional organelle

Q: Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Modification and sorting of proteins

Q: Which of the following best explains why plant cells do not burst in hypotonic solutions?

The cell wall provides structural support and prevents lysis

Q: During muscle contraction, what is the role of ATP?

ATP binds to the myosin head, causing it to detach from actin

Q: Which of the following best describes the function of intermediate filaments?

They provide structural stability to cells

Question 1

Which of the following structures is unique to plant cells and is responsible for maintaining turgor pressure?

Accepted Answer

Central vacuole

Question 2

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the double helix?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between cytosine and guanine in DNA?

Accepted Answer

They are connected by three hydrogen bonds

Question 4

A scientist is studying a cell with a cell wall, central vacuole, and chloroplasts. Which type of cell is she most likely observing?

Accepted Answer

Plant cell

Question 5

Which cytoskeletal component is primarily involved in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Actin filaments

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why DNA with a higher proportion of cytosine and guanine is more difficult to denature?

Accepted Answer

Cytosine and guanine are connected by three hydrogen bonds, increasing stability

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct order of size from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Amino acid < alpha helix < protein

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

It is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis

Question 9

A mutation disrupts the function of nuclear pores. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Export of mRNA from the nucleus

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the endosymbiotic theory?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells originated when a host cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell that became a functional organelle

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modification and sorting of proteins

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why plant cells do not burst in hypotonic solutions?

Accepted Answer

The cell wall provides structural support and prevents lysis

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of cytoskeletal monomer and its polymer?

Accepted Answer

G-actin and F-actin

Question 14

During muscle contraction, what is the role of ATP?

Accepted Answer

ATP binds to the myosin head, causing it to detach from actin

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of intermediate filaments?

Accepted Answer

They provide structural stability to cells

Question 16

A cell is observed to have a large number of peroxisomes. Which function is this cell likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of mRNA export from the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

mRNA passes through nuclear pores into the cytoplasm

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of DNA packaging in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

$2	ext{-}nm$ double-stranded DNA $ightarrow 11	ext{-}nm$ nucleosomes $ightarrow 30	ext{-}nm$ chromatin fiber

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the nuclear envelope contains pores?

Accepted Answer

To allow selective exchange of materials such as RNA and proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of endosymbiosis in modern eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria in animal cells

Cell Structure, Function, and Molecular Biology: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards