Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between passive and active transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without energy input, while active transport moves substances against their gradient using energy.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in pure water. Which process will primarily occur, and what is the likely outcome for the cell?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis will cause water to enter the cell, potentially causing it to burst (lyse).

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of active transport in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Sodium-potassium pump moving sodium ions out and potassium ions in

Question 4

Which equation best represents the movement of substances during diffusion?

Accepted Answer

$$C_{high} \rightarrow C_{low}$$

Question 5

A cell needs to move glucose into its cytoplasm, but the concentration of glucose is higher inside the cell than outside. Which transport mechanism will the cell most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Active transport using a carrier protein

Question 6

Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane.

Question 7

Which process is illustrated by the equation below?

$$	ext{ATP} + 	ext{Carrier Protein} + 	ext{Ion}_{	ext{low}} ightarrow 	ext{Carrier Protein} + 	ext{Ion}_{	ext{high}} + 	ext{ADP} + 	ext{P}$$

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 8

Which of the following best describes endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell takes in large molecules by engulfing them in vesicles formed from the plasma membrane.

Question 9

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink (plasmolysis).

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It requires energy from ATP.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the sodium-potassium pump is essential for nerve cell function?

Accepted Answer

It maintains the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane, which is necessary for nerve impulse transmission.

Question 12

Which process is responsible for the uptake of cholesterol into animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 13

A cell is placed in an isotonic solution. What will happen to the movement of water?

Accepted Answer

Water will move in and out of the cell at equal rates.

Question 14

Which of the following is a similarity between facilitated diffusion and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Both use carrier proteins to move substances across the membrane.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

The cell releases substances to the outside by vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane.

Question 16

Which of the following would most likely increase the rate of diffusion across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the temperature

Question 17

Which of the following is true about channel proteins?

Accepted Answer

They allow specific ions or water to pass through the membrane quickly.

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of homeostasis maintained by cell transport?

Accepted Answer

A cell continuously pumps sodium ions out and potassium ions in to maintain a stable internal environment.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane in cell transport?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins for the cell

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cells use vesicle transport for large molecules?

Accepted Answer

Large molecules cannot pass through the membrane by diffusion or protein channels.

Cell Transport & Homeostasis: Passive and Active Transport

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