Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a membrane.

Question 2

A cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than inside the cell. What will most likely happen to the cell due to osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 3

Which equation best represents the energy requirement for active transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G \u003e 0$$

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a method by which substances can cross the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 5

A patient is diagnosed with a malfunctioning sodium-potassium pump. Which of the following cellular processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Active transport of ions

Question 6

Which of the following statements about cell membranes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic molecules can pass through the cell membrane more easily than hydrophilic molecules.

Question 7

Which process requires the use of transport proteins and energy from the cell?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 8

A cell needs to import a large molecule that cannot pass through the membrane directly. Which process will it most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down the concentration gradient with the help of transport proteins.

Question 10

Which of the following is a real-world example of active transport in human cells?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ions being pumped out of nerve cells.

Question 11

A scientist observes that a cell is maintaining a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. Which term best describes this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis

Question 12

Which of the following molecules is LEAST likely to pass directly through the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 13

Which process involves the release of substances from a cell when a vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 14

A cell is exposed to a toxin that blocks all transport proteins in its membrane. Which of the following processes would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion of ions

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why cells need to regulate the concentration of ions such as sodium and potassium?

Accepted Answer

To maintain homeostasis and proper cell function.

Question 16

Which of the following is TRUE about the concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

It is a measurement of how much the concentration of a substance changes across a distance.

Question 17

Which of the following is a multi-step process that involves both vesicle formation and fusion with the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 18

A cell is unable to move large hydrophilic molecules across its membrane. Which transport mechanism is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Vesicle transport

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of transport proteins in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating the movement of specific molecules across the membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between passive and active transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport moves substances against the concentration gradient, while passive transport moves substances down the concentration gradient.

Cell Transport & Homeostasis

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