Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy (ATP)}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

To break down organic molecules and generate ATP for cellular work

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules produced per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$2$

Question 3

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$_2$

Question 4

What is the main function of NAD$^+$ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To serve as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions

Question 5

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 6

In the absence of oxygen, which process allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD$^+$?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It generates NADH and FADH$_2$ that feed electrons into the electron transport chain

Question 8

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy (ATP)}$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why fats yield more ATP per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats are more reduced and thus have more electrons to donate to the electron transport chain

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the function of ATP synthase. Which of the following would most likely be observed in this patient’s cells?

Accepted Answer

Increased production of lactic acid under aerobic conditions

Question 11

Which of the following is a direct product of the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 12

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is true?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate

Question 13

In lactic acid fermentation, which molecule is reduced to form lactate?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 14

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The use of a proton gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle for each acetyl CoA molecule entering the cycle?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 16

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD$^+$, allowing glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen

Question 17

Which of the following is a common final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration in some prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

SO$_4^{2-}$ (sulfate ion)

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why the exact number of ATP molecules produced from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration is not always known?

Accepted Answer

The proton-motive force is used for other types of cellular work besides ATP synthesis

Question 19

Which of the following is a waste product of alcohol fermentation?

Accepted Answer

CO$_2$

Question 20

Which of the following steps in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Catabolic Pathways and ATP Production

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