$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are consumed by cellular respiration to generate ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

Question 2

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 3

During cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O_2$} ($$oxygen)

Question 4

Which process is responsible for the majority of ATP production during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

What is the main purpose of the combined processes of glycolysis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Transforming the energy in glucose and related molecules into a chemical form that cells can use for work (ATP)

Question 6

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen.

Question 7

In the oxidation of glucose, which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized; oxygen is reduced.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group is directly transferred from a substrate molecule to ADP to form ATP.

Question 9

A muscle cell is deprived of oxygen but continues to produce ATP. Which process is most likely supplying the ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Pyruvate oxidation → Citric acid cycle → Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 11

Which of the following is a dehydrogenation reaction in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Removal of hydrogen atoms from a substrate and transfer to NAD$$^+ or $$FAD

Question 12

Why is oxygen required for aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing ATP production to continue.

Question 13

Which of the following is a product of the citric acid cycle for each acetyl CoA molecule entering the cycle?

Accepted Answer

3 NADH, 1 FADH$$_2$$, 1 ATP (or GTP), and 2 CO$$_2$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue in the absence of oxygen.

Question 15

In the absence of oxygen, which process can still produce ATP in human muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 16

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase to generate ATP

Question 17

If a poison blocks the function of ATP synthase, which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

No ATP will be produced by oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of feedback inhibition in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

High levels of ATP inhibit an early enzyme in glycolysis, slowing down the pathway.

Question 19

Which of the following is a facultative anaerobe?

Accepted Answer

Yeast, which can survive using either fermentation or aerobic respiration

Question 20

What percentage of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\approx 34\%$$

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation (Chapter 9): Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions