Q: Which of the following equations correctly summarizes the overall process of cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{Energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules produced per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly summarizes the overall process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{Energy}$$

Question 4

Which process in cellular respiration produces the majority of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 5

What is the main function of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To serve as an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons during redox reactions

Question 6

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP by an enzyme.

Question 7

A poison that blocks the function of ATP synthase would directly affect which process?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons down their gradient to generate ATP during chemiosmosis

Question 8

In the absence of oxygen, muscle cells can continue to produce ATP by converting pyruvate into which molecule?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid (lactate)

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why the citric acid cycle is considered a cycle?

Accepted Answer

It regenerates oxaloacetate, which combines with acetyl CoA to begin the cycle again.

Question 10

Which molecule is produced during the oxidation of pyruvate and links glycolysis to the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl CoA

Question 11

If a cell is exposed to a drug that inhibits the electron transport chain, which of the following would you expect to decrease first?

Accepted Answer

The production of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence of electron flow during aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose $$\rightarrow$$ NADH $$\rightarrow$$ Electron Transport Chain $$\rightarrow$$ Oxygen

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-life example of feedback inhibition in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

High levels of ATP inhibit an early enzyme in glycolysis, slowing down ATP production.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD+ by transferring electrons to pyruvate or its derivatives.

Question 15

A bacterium is found to use sulfate ($$\mathrm{SO_4$^{2-}}) as $$its final electron acceptor instead of oxygen. What type of respiration is this?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why most of the energy in glucose remains in pyruvate after glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis only partially oxidizes glucose, leaving pyruvate with many high-energy electrons.

Question 17

Which of the following steps in cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 18

What is the main purpose of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct product of the citric acid cycle that is used in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the function of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Chapter 9 Study Notes

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