Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 2

During glycolysis, which molecule is directly responsible for substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the net reaction of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 2\mathrm{NAD^+} + 2\mathrm{ADP} + 2\mathrm{P_i} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{C_3H_4O_3} + 2\mathrm{NADH} + 2\mathrm{ATP} + 2\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 4

Which process produces the most ATP per glucose molecule in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis

Question 5

In the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH are transferred through a series of complexes. What is the correct order of these complexes?

Accepted Answer

Complex I $$\rightarrow$$ Complex III $$\rightarrow$$ Complex IV

Question 6

Which of the following statements about NAD$$^+$$ and NADH is correct?

Accepted Answer

NADH is the reduced form and NAD$$^+ is $$the oxidized form.

Question 7

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs Complex IV of the electron transport chain. Which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation would decrease.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is necessary in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD$$^+.$$

Question 9

Which equation represents the conversion of pyruvate to lactate during lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_3H_3O_3^-} + \mathrm{NADH} + \mathrm{H^+} \rightarrow \mathrm{C_3H_5O_3^-} + \mathrm{NAD^+}$$

Question 10

If a cell metabolizes one molecule of glucose via aerobic respiration, what is the theoretical maximum number of ATP molecules produced?

Accepted Answer

32

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle per turn?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 12

Which step in cellular respiration is responsible for the majority of CO$$_2$$ production?

Accepted Answer

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 13

Which of the following best describes chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of ATP using the energy of a proton gradient across a membrane.

Question 14

Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthase

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the versatility of catabolism is correct?

Accepted Answer

Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates can all enter cellular respiration at different points.

Question 16

A muscle cell is deprived of oxygen but continues to contract. Which process is providing ATP?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced directly by transferring a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP.

Question 18

Which molecule is produced during both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle and is essential for the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct summary of the fate of electrons from NADH in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Electrons from NADH are transferred to oxygen via the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the ATP yield from glucose is lower in eukaryotic cells than in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells use some ATP to transport NADH into mitochondria.

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Key Concepts and Processes

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