Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{Energy (ATP + heat)}$

Question 2

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain and chemiosmosis)

Question 3

What is the primary role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To function as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions

Question 4

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol and produces 2 pyruvate molecules per glucose

Question 5

In the citric acid cycle, what is the fate of the acetyl group from acetyl-CoA?

Accepted Answer

It is oxidized to CO$_2$

Question 6

Which process directly generates ATP by transferring a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 7

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$_2$

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why fats produce more ATP per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats have more high-energy electrons in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 9

During chemiosmosis in mitochondria, how is ATP synthesized?

Accepted Answer

By the movement of H$^+$ ions down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase

Question 10

Which of the following is a key difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation uses an organic molecule as the final electron acceptor, while aerobic respiration uses oxygen

Question 11

A yeast cell is placed in an anaerobic environment. Which metabolic pathway will it use to generate ATP, and what is the main product?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol fermentation; ethanol and CO$_2$

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the regulation of cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Feedback inhibition slows cellular respiration when ATP levels are high

Question 13

Which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced in the following reaction? $\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized; oxygen is reduced

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the fate of pyruvate in human muscle cells under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate is reduced to lactate

Question 15

Which step in cellular respiration occurs in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 16

A bacterium uses sulfate ($\mathrm{SO}_4^{2-}$) as its final electron acceptor instead of oxygen. What type of respiration is this?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the exact number of ATP molecules produced from one glucose during cellular respiration is not always known?

Accepted Answer

The ratio of NADH to ATP is not a whole number and the proton-motive force is used for other work

Question 18

Which metabolic pathway is shared by both fermentation and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 19

If a cell's ATP concentration drops, what is the expected effect on the rate of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration speeds up

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life example of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Formation of ATP during glycolysis

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation: Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards