Question 1

Which of the following best represents the overall balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 2

During the energy investment phase of glycolysis, what occurs?

Accepted Answer

Consumes 2 ATP to destabilize glucose and create 2 ADP and 2 P

Question 3

NAD$$^+ is a $$coenzyme in cellular respiration. Which statement best describes its role?

Accepted Answer

Is not used up during respiration

Question 4

Which of the following statements about cellular respiration are true? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

One of the waste products is water; The process occurs in the mitochondria of both animal and plant cells; Converts chemical energy stored in sugars into usable ATP

Question 5

Which of the following is true about reduction and oxidation? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Reduction: Gain an electron; Oxidation: Lose an electron; In the reaction $$NAD^+ + H^+ + 2e^- \rightleftharpoons NADH$$, reduction goes towards the right of the equation, whereas oxidation goes towards the left of the equation.

Question 6

How is the electron transport chain related to oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

The electron transport chain is the oxidative component, converting NADH and FADH$$_2 to an $$electrochemical proton gradient

Question 7

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 8

Chemiosmosis in mitochondria refers to:

Accepted Answer

The flow of H$$^+$$ across the inner membrane

Question 9

The Citric Acid Cycle can only occur in the presence of which molecule?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 10

Why is pyruvate important to the aerobic process of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate is converted into Acetyl-CoA, which acts as the primary fuel and starter molecule

Question 11

NADH and FADH$$_2$$ are electron-carrying coenzymes. From which source are they reduced during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient-derived fuel molecules

Question 12

In cellular respiration, the majority of ATP is generated during which stage?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 13

During the citric acid cycle, what is the main result of the oxidation of molecules?

Accepted Answer

Captures high-energy electrons and produces CO$$_2$$ waste

Question 14

Where is the electron transport chain located in eukaryotic cells? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Inner mitochondrial membrane; Thylakoid membrane

Question 15

Substrate-level phosphorylation refers to:

Accepted Answer

Direct transfer of phosphate to ADP using the energy generated from glucose breakdown

Question 16

What is the net outcome of glycolysis per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 pyruvates, 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 H$$_2O as a $$waste product

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is considered a form of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation is an anaerobic process that allows ATP production in the absence of oxygen

Question 18

Arrange the three major steps of cellular respiration in the correct order.

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis $$\rightarrow$$ Citric Acid Cycle $$\rightarrow$$ Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 19

Which dietary change would most effectively reduce your carbon footprint according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Eat less meat or completely cut meat out of your diet

Question 20

Why does consuming beef have a higher carbon footprint than consuming milk?

Accepted Answer

Cows used for beef require more resources and must be replaced more often than cows used for milk production

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