$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{ATP} + \text{Heat}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{ATP} + 	ext{Heat}$$

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 3

Which process in cellular respiration is most directly responsible for the majority of ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

If oxygen is not available, which process allows glycolysis to continue producing ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

In the electron transport chain, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 6

Which molecule acts as an electron carrier in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

NAD+/NADH

Question 7

What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To convert $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$ into glucose using ATP and NADPH

Question 8

Which adaptation allows C4 plants to minimize photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

Spatial separation of carbon fixation and Calvin cycle

Question 9

During oxidative phosphorylation, how is ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

By H$$^+$$ ions flowing through ATP synthase due to a proton gradient

Question 10

Which of the following is a product of lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid and NAD+

Question 11

What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It carries high-energy electrons for the Calvin cycle

Question 12

Which location correctly matches the process in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis: Cytoplasm

Question 13

A patient is unable to produce enough ATP due to a defect in ATP synthase. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis during oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why CAM plants open their stomata at night?

Accepted Answer

To minimize water loss while allowing CO$$_2$$ uptake

Question 15

If a plant's rubisco enzyme accidentally uses O$$_2$$ instead of CO$$_2$$, what process occurs?

Accepted Answer

Photorespiration

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis stores energy in glucose, cellular respiration releases it as ATP

Question 17

A mutation prevents the formation of NADH during glycolysis. What is the most immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced electron supply for the electron transport chain

Question 18

Which step in cellular respiration releases the most CO$$_2$$ per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 19

In the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the source of electrons for Photosystem II?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H_2O})$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Direct transfer of a phosphate group to ADP from a substrate

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis: Core Pathways of Energy Transformation in Cells

Study Guide - Practice Questions