Q: What is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration using glucose as the fuel source?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 2

What is the balanced chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration using glucose as the fuel source?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{Energy (ATP + heat)}$$

Question 3

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

Which molecule acts as the electron carrier that shuttles electrons from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 5

In a redox reaction, what happens to the reducing agent?

Accepted Answer

It loses electrons and is oxidized.

Question 6

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 7

What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced directly from glycolysis per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about fermentation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation uses substrate-level phosphorylation to generate ATP.

Question 9

A muscle cell is deprived of oxygen during intense exercise. Which metabolic pathway will it primarily use to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct description of chemiosmosis in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Use of energy in a proton (H$$^+) $$gradient to drive phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle per turn?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 12

What is the main function of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To catalyze the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP using the energy from the proton gradient

Question 13

Which of the following statements best explains why fats yield more ATP per gram than carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Fats have more high-energy electrons due to their abundance of hydrogen atoms.

Question 14

In the absence of oxygen, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 15

Which of the following is a major difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor, while anaerobic respiration uses other compounds.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes feedback inhibition in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme activity in catabolic pathways is regulated to slow respiration when ATP is abundant.

Question 17

A facultative anaerobe is placed in an environment with no oxygen. Which pathway will it use to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct sequence of energy flow during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose $$\rightarrow$$ NADH $$\rightarrow$$ electron transport chain $$\rightarrow$$ proton-motive force $$\rightarrow$$ ATP

Question 19

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It directly transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP to form ATP.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic defect that prevents the formation of cytochromes. Which stage of cellular respiration will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy (Chapter 9 Study Notes)

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