Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\,\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\,\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\,\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is reduced at the end of the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose, and where does this process occur?

Accepted Answer

Net gain of 2 ATP; occurs in the cytoplasm.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\,\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\,\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\,\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 4

A muscle cell is rapidly using up oxygen during intense exercise. Which pathway will the cell rely on to continue producing ATP, and what is the main byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation; lactate

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It runs twice for each glucose molecule metabolized.

Question 6

What is the main purpose of fermentation in cells?

Accepted Answer

To regenerate NAD$$^+ so $$glycolysis can continue.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why prokaryotes can survive using only glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis produces enough ATP (2 ATP) for their energy needs.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a redox reaction in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NAD$$^+ is $$reduced to NADH as it gains electrons.

Question 9

A scientist adds a chemical that blocks the H$$^+$$ gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. What is the most immediate effect on ATP production?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthase cannot produce ATP via chemiosmosis.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes feedback inhibition in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

High levels of ATP inhibit an early enzyme in glycolysis through noncompetitive binding.

Question 11

If a mutation prevents the regeneration of oxaloacetate in the citric acid cycle, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

The cycle will stop, and acetyl-CoA cannot enter the cycle.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of metabolic pathways in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Pyruvate Oxidation → Citric Acid Cycle → Electron Transport Chain

Question 13

Which of the following statements about ATP production in cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Most ATP is produced during oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 14

A yeast cell is placed in an anaerobic environment. Which products will accumulate as a result of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis is considered an ancient metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

It occurs in the cytoplasm and does not require oxygen.

Question 16

If a cell's mitochondria are damaged and cannot function, which process can still produce ATP?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of chemiosmosis?

Accepted Answer

ATP is synthesized as H$$^+$$ ions flow through ATP synthase down their gradient.

Question 18

A patient has a genetic disorder that prevents the reduction of NAD$$^+ to $$NADH. Which stage of cellular respiration will be directly affected first?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 19

Which of the following best distinguishes external respiration from internal respiration?

Accepted Answer

External respiration is breathing; internal respiration is cellular respiration.

Question 20

If the electron transport chain is inhibited by a poison, what will happen to the levels of NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

They will accumulate because they cannot be oxidized.

Cellular Respiration: Pathways, Mechanisms, and Regulation

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