Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2O + \text{ATP}$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2O + 	ext{ATP}$

Question 2

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain and chemiosmosis)

Question 3

What is the primary role of oxygen in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To act as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Question 4

Which process occurs in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 5

If a muscle cell is deprived of oxygen during intense exercise, which metabolic pathway will it primarily use to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 6

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It directly transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP to form ATP

Question 7

What is the main purpose of the Krebs cycle in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To break down acetyl-CoA and generate NADH and FADH$_2$ for the electron transport chain

Question 8

Which molecule is reduced during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 9

A facultative anaerobe is placed in an environment with no oxygen. Which pathway will it use to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 10

Which of the following is a waste product of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 11

How does the electron transport chain contribute to ATP synthesis?

Accepted Answer

By creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is less efficient than aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation does not fully oxidize glucose to CO$_2$ and H$_2$O

Question 13

Which step of cellular respiration produces CO$_2$ as a byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate oxidation and Krebs cycle

Question 14

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of NADH. Which step of cellular respiration would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about the location of cellular respiration processes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 16

Which of the following molecules can be used to generate ATP through cellular respiration, besides glucose?

Accepted Answer

Fats and proteins

Question 17

In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells carry out which process to generate ATP?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol fermentation

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD$^+$ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It carries electrons to the electron transport chain after being reduced to NADH

Question 19

A car engine uses about 25% of the energy in gasoline for work, while cellular respiration uses about 34% of the energy in glucose for ATP production. What does this comparison illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration is more efficient than a car engine

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Storing glucose as glycogen or starch

Cellular Respiration: Processes and Pathways

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