Question 1

Which of the following best describes the 'fluid mosaic model' of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure where proteins and lipids move freely within the bilayer.

Question 2

Which process requires energy input from the cell to move molecules against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 3

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will gain water and become turgid.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 5

During aerobic respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy and speed up reactions.

Question 7

In competitive inhibition, how does the inhibitor affect enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

It binds to the active site, preventing substrate binding.

Question 8

Which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced in the following reaction? $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized; oxygen is reduced.

Question 9

Which step of aerobic respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

What is the main function of NADH in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To transport electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 11

During photosynthesis, what is the source of electrons for the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$\mathrm{H_2O})$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose ($$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$})$$

Question 13

If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

The cell will lose water and shrink.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes exergonic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Reactions that release energy.

Question 15

Which pigment is primarily responsible for absorbing light in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll

Question 16

Which of the following events occurs first during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll is excited and transfers electrons

Question 17

In fermentation, what is the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

An organic molecule such as pyruvate

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Storing glucose molecules

Question 19

Which of the following statements about ATP production in aerobic respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Most ATP is produced during the electron transport chain.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order of events in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll excitation, water splitting, ATP production, CO2 fixation, glucose production, NADPH production

Cellular Structure, Membrane Transport, Metabolism, and Photosynthesis: Study Guide

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