Q: Which equation best represents the direction of passive transport?

$$\text{High concentration} \rightarrow \text{Low concentration}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between passive and active transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport moves molecules down their concentration gradient without energy input, while active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient using ATP.

Question 2

A cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solute than inside the cell. Which process will primarily occur, and in which direction will water move?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis; water will move out of the cell.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Glucose entering a cell through a specific carrier protein.

Question 4

Which equation best represents the direction of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{High concentration} ightarrow 	ext{Low concentration}$$

Question 5

A patient has a genetic defect that prevents the formation of LDL (cholesterol) receptors on their cell membranes. Which cellular process is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium pump is correct?

Accepted Answer

It requires ATP to move sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell against their concentration gradients.

Question 7

Which process is responsible for white blood cells engulfing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 8

A cell needs to export large quantities of hormones. Which process will it use?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why water moves through aquaporins during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Aquaporins are channel proteins that facilitate the passive movement of water across the membrane.

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

A cell using ATP to move calcium ions from low to high concentration.

Question 11

A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will move into the cell, causing it to swell.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Protein pumps

Question 13

Which process involves the cell membrane folding inward to bring liquids into the cell?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes equilibrium in the context of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

There is no net movement of molecules, but individual molecules continue to move randomly.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about channel proteins and carrier proteins?

Accepted Answer

Channel proteins form pores for molecules to pass through, while carrier proteins change shape to move molecules.

Question 16

A cell in the small intestine absorbs nutrients from the gut lumen, which has a lower concentration of glucose than the cell cytoplasm. Which transport mechanism is most likely used?

Accepted Answer

Active transport using a carrier protein

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the sodium-potassium pump is essential for nerve function?

Accepted Answer

It maintains the concentration gradients necessary for action potentials by moving sodium out and potassium in against their gradients.

Question 18

Which process is used by cells to release waste products to the extracellular environment?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-life example of receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Cells absorbing cholesterol from the blood using specific surface receptors.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Cellular Transport: Mechanisms of Movement Across Cell Membranes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards