$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

All organisms are capable of photosynthesis.

Question 2

Which scientist first observed single-celled organisms, which he called 'animalcules', using a microscope with 300x magnification?

Accepted Answer

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 3

What is the main difference between a scientific theory and the everyday use of the word 'theory'?

Accepted Answer

A scientific theory is an explanation supported by a wide body of evidence.

Question 4

Which hypothesis did Louis Pasteur’s experiment support regarding the origin of cells?

Accepted Answer

Cells arise from preexisting cells.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 6

Which pairing of DNA bases is correct according to Watson and Crick’s model?

Accepted Answer

A pairs with T, C pairs with G

Question 7

A mutation in DNA changes the sequence of bases. What is the most likely consequence of this change?

Accepted Answer

It may lead to heritable variation and changes in proteins.

Question 8

Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection to occur in a population?

Accepted Answer

Individuals must vary in characteristics that are heritable.

Question 9

In the Galapagos finch example, what was the adaptation that increased fitness during periods of abundant small, soft seeds?

Accepted Answer

Small, pointed beaks

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the tree of life is correct?

Accepted Answer

It depicts evolutionary history and genealogical relationships among species.

Question 11

Which taxonomic level was introduced by Woese and includes Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Domain

Question 12

What is the correct format for writing the scientific name of humans?

Accepted Answer

$$	extit{Homo sapiens}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a good experimental design principle?

Accepted Answer

Include a control group to check for other factors.

Question 14

In Wittlinger’s ant experiment, what was the result for ants with lengthened legs?

Accepted Answer

They walked beyond the nest.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis in scientific research?

Accepted Answer

A testable statement that explains something observed.

Question 16

Which molecule is the hereditary material in cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 17

What is the primary nutritional need for all organisms related to energy?

Accepted Answer

Acquiring chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the process of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Evolution is a change in the characteristics of a population over time.

Question 19

Which of the following is a prediction in hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

A measurable or observable result that must be correct if the hypothesis is valid.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in cells?

Accepted Answer

Store genetic information

Chapter 1: Biology – The Study of Life (Mini-Textbook Study Notes)

Study Guide - Practice Questions