Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between discovery science and hypothesis-driven science?

Accepted Answer

Discovery science is focused on describing nature through verifiable observations, while hypothesis-driven science is focused on explaining nature through testable hypotheses.

Question 2

A student claims that scientific knowledge is absolute and unchanging. Based on the process of science, how would you respond?

Accepted Answer

Scientific knowledge is tentative and reflects degrees of confidence based on the strength of evidence.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT within the scope of scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

Determining if spirits cause storms.

Question 4

In a controlled experiment, what is the main purpose of having a control group?

Accepted Answer

To compare results and attribute differences to a single variable.

Question 5

Which statement best distinguishes a scientific theory from a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A theory is a comprehensive explanation supported by abundant evidence, while a hypothesis is a tentative answer to a specific question.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of artificial selection?

Accepted Answer

The breeding of dogs for specific traits by humans.

Question 7

Which property of life is illustrated by a Venus flytrap closing its leaves when touched?

Accepted Answer

Response to the environment

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why energy flows through an ecosystem while matter is recycled?

Accepted Answer

Energy enters as sunlight and exits as heat, while matter cycles through producers, consumers, and decomposers.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea have prokaryotic cells, while Eukarya have eukaryotic cells.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of the relationship between structure and function in biology?

Accepted Answer

The shape of red blood cells provides a large surface area for oxygen diffusion.

Question 11

A scientist observes that a remote control does not work. She hypothesizes that the batteries are dead. What is the next step according to the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Replace the batteries and see if the remote works.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a property of life?

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous generation

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an emergent property?

Accepted Answer

The coordinated contraction of heart muscle cells producing a heartbeat.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct application of the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in a population over generations.

Question 16

Which kingdom within the domain Eukarya is primarily composed of decomposers?

Accepted Answer

Kingdom Fungi

Question 17

A scientist wants to test if a new fertilizer increases plant growth. She sets up two groups: one with fertilizer and one without. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The presence or absence of fertilizer.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes metabolism?

Accepted Answer

The process by which organisms convert energy and recycle matter through interconnected chemical reactions.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the unity and diversity of life?

Accepted Answer

Despite the diversity of life, all living things share fundamental similarities at the cellular level.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of information flow in biology?

Accepted Answer

The transmission of genetic information from parent to offspring via DNA.

Chapter 1: Learning About Life – Introduction to Biology Today (Campbell Essential Biology)

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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