Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a property of life as defined by biologists?

Accepted Answer

Ability to rust in the presence of oxygen

Question 2

Which statement best explains why evolution is considered the unifying theory of biology?

Accepted Answer

It provides a framework for understanding similarities and differences among species.

Question 3

A scientist observes that some bacteria survive antibiotic treatment while others do not. Which concept best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a selective pressure in a population?

Accepted Answer

A drought that kills plants unable to store water

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have membrane-bound nuclei and organelles; prokaryotes do not.

Question 6

Which of the following is a falsifiable hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Plants grow better when exposed to classical music.

Question 7

A population of beetles contains both green and brown individuals. Birds prefer to eat green beetles. Over time, the population becomes mostly brown. Which process is responsible for this change?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the three domains of life is correct?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have membrane-enclosed nuclei, while prokaryotes do not.

Question 9

Which property of life is demonstrated when a plant bends toward sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Response to the environment

Question 10

A researcher wants to test the hypothesis that caffeine increases heart rate in humans. Which of the following is the best experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Give caffeine to one group, a placebo to another, and compare heart rates between groups.

Question 11

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of evolutionary adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A population of insects develops resistance to a pesticide over several generations.

Question 12

Which of the following is evidence that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

All organisms use DNA as their genetic material.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of energy processing in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A plant converting sunlight into chemical energy during photosynthesis

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a scientific hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A testable and falsifiable explanation for a set of observations

Question 15

A scientist observes that a certain species of fish only reproduces in water temperatures above $20^\circ C$. Which property of life does this observation best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Reproduction

Question 16

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the process of scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

A student guesses that plants grow faster in blue light and sets up an experiment to test this.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between humans and bats based on evolutionary theory?

Accepted Answer

Humans and bats share a common ancestor that lived about 65 million years ago.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of regulation as a property of life?

Accepted Answer

A rabbit maintaining a constant body temperature in cold weather

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with advantageous inherited traits survive and reproduce at higher rates.

Question 20

Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection to occur in a population?

Accepted Answer

There must be variation in traits that are heritable.

Chapter 1: Themes in the Study of Life – Foundations of Biology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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