Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel's Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each gamete receives only one allele of each gene during gamete formation.

Question 2

In Mendel's pea plant experiments, what was the phenotypic ratio observed in the F2 generation for flower color when crossing true-breeding purple and white plants?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 3

A plant with genotype $$Pp is $$crossed with a plant with genotype $$pp. $$What is the expected ratio of purple to white flowers in the offspring, assuming purple is dominant?

Accepted Answer

$$1:1$$

Question 4

Which statement about homozygous and heterozygous genotypes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous individuals have two identical alleles for a gene.

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates the Law of Independent Assortment?

Accepted Answer

A plant with yellow seeds and round shape produces offspring with green seeds and wrinkled shape.

Question 6

If a gene exhibits incomplete dominance, what would be the phenotype of the heterozygote ($$R_1R_2) $$when $$R_1$$ codes for red flowers and $$R_2$$ codes for white flowers?

Accepted Answer

Pink flowers

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of codominance?

Accepted Answer

A person with genotype $$IAIB$$ has both A and B antigens on red blood cells.

Question 8

Which genetic concept explains why cystic fibrosis can cause multiple symptoms in different organs?

Accepted Answer

Pleiotropy

Question 9

In a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants ($$YyRr$$), what is the expected phenotypic ratio for the offspring?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Multiple genes contribute additively to a single trait.

Question 11

A pedigree analysis shows a trait skipping generations and affecting both males and females equally. What is the most likely mode of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Autosomal recessive

Question 12

Which of the following is a multifactorial trait?

Accepted Answer

Hydrangea flower color affected by soil pH

Question 13

A testcross is performed between a purple-flowered pea plant of unknown genotype and a white-flowered plant. If half the offspring are purple and half are white, what is the genotype of the purple-flowered parent?

Accepted Answer

$$Pp$$

Question 14

Which of the following is true about dominant alleles that cause lethal diseases?

Accepted Answer

They often cause death before affected individuals can reproduce.

Question 15

Which equation represents the probability of two heterozygous carriers ($$Aa) $$having a child with a recessive disorder?

Accepted Answer

$$P = 1/4$$

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why heterozygotes for sickle-cell disease are less susceptible to malaria?

Accepted Answer

The sickle-cell allele provides resistance to malaria in heterozygotes.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of epistasis?

Accepted Answer

One gene determines pigment color and another gene determines if pigment is deposited in hair.

Question 18

If a plant with genotype $$AaBbCc is $$crossed with another $$AaBbCc$$ plant, what is the probability of an offspring having all recessive alleles ($$aabbcc$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1/64$$

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a reason why humans are poor subjects for genetic research compared to pea plants?

Accepted Answer

Humans have no genetic variation.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between pleiotropy and polygenic inheritance?

Accepted Answer

Pleiotropy is when one gene affects multiple traits; polygenic inheritance is when multiple genes affect one trait.

Chapter 11: Mendel and the Gene Idea – Study Notes

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards