Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the cell wall in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

To provide structural support and protect the cell from osmotic lysis

Question 2

The cell wall of most bacteria is primarily composed of which substance?

Accepted Answer

Peptidoglycan

Question 3

Which of the following is a key difference between Bacteria and Archaea?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, while Archaea do not

Question 4

In which type of habitat are Archaea most abundant and outnumber all other cell types?

Accepted Answer

Extreme environments such as hot springs and salt lakes

Question 5

Cyanobacteria are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic prokaryotes that produce oxygen

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of symbiosis?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in the roots of legumes

Question 7

Which bacterial species is most commonly associated with food poisoning?

Accepted Answer

Escherichia coli

Question 8

Prokaryotes are classified into which two domains?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 9

Which of the following lists the three common shapes of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Coccus, bacillus, and spirillum

Question 10

A scientist observes a protist moving by extending its cytoplasm to form pseudopodia. Which type of locomotion is this?

Accepted Answer

Amoeboid movement

Question 11

Which of the following best distinguishes protozoans from algae among protists?

Accepted Answer

Protozoans are heterotrophic, while algae are autotrophic

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. The bacteria are rod-shaped and move using flagella. Which terms best describe these bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Bacillus and flagellated

Question 13

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates mutualistic symbiosis?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria in the human gut producing vitamins for the host

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Archaea is correct?

Accepted Answer

Archaea are more closely related to Eukarya than to Bacteria

Question 15

A protist is observed to be photosynthetic and unicellular. Which group does it most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Algae

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a common method of locomotion in protists?

Accepted Answer

Contractile vacuoles

Question 17

A researcher discovers a microorganism living in a hot spring with a cell wall lacking peptidoglycan. Which domain does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Archaea

Question 18

Which of the following equations best represents the process of oxygenic photosynthesis carried out by cyanobacteria?

Accepted Answer

$$6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why Archaea are able to survive in extreme environments such as hot springs and salt lakes?

Accepted Answer

They have unique membrane lipids and enzymes adapted to extreme conditions

Question 20

A student is asked to identify a microorganism that is unicellular, lacks a nucleus, and can perform photosynthesis. Which of the following is the most accurate identification?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacterium

Chapter 16: Prokaryotes, Archaea, Bacteria, and Protists – Guided Study

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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